Retinal detachment occurs when the retina pulls away from its normal position at the back of the eye, leading to vision loss if not treated promptly. Retinal detachment surgery is performed to reattach the retina and restore vision. Various techniques, such as vitrectomy, scleral buckling, and pneumatic retinopexy, may be used depending on the type and severity of detachment. This surgery is essential for preventing permanent vision loss and is often considered an emergency procedure.